The table below lists clubs with a high number of promotions and relegations to and from their national first division. In general, any team with at least 15 such moves (either promotion or relegation) as well as national "champions" or near champions in this competition of "yoyo teams", "Fahrstuhlmannschaften" and "Heen-en-Weers" are listed, together with the corresponding years.
"Foun" in the list of promotion years indicates that the club was a founder member of the country's national first division.
Norway's SK Brann of Bergen "enjoyed" eight consecutive years of relegation/promotion between 1979 (relegated) and 1986 (promoted). Their series was "bettered" by Aris of Lemesos in Cyprus from 1996/97 (relegated) to 2005/06 (promoted) - a series of ten consecutive moves between top flight and second level. In Spain, Deportivo La Coruña had seven such seasons from 1961/62 (promoted) to 1967/68 (promoted). In the Republic of Ireland, Drogheda United also had a series of seven consecutive ups and downs, from 1993/94 (relegated) to 1999/2000 (relegated).
Since 1930; includes seasons played in groups.
Besëlidhja (Lezhë) [24 moves]
up: 12: 1936, 1949, 1951, 1970, 1972, 1978, 1980, 1984, 1987, 1993, 2000, 2007
down: 12: 1937, 1950, 1952, 1971, 1975, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1990, 1996, 2003, 2008
Luftëtari Gjirokastër (Shqiponja) [20 moves]
up: 10: WWII, 1950, 1954, 1963, 1966, 1975, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2006
down: 10: 1948, 1952, 1955, 1964, 1974, 1988, 1991, 1998, 2002, 2007
Tomori (Berat) [20 moves]
up: 10: 1930, 1936, 1950, 1954, 1959, 1962, 1970, 1977, 1989, 1994
down: 10: 1931, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1961, 1968, 1972, 1988, 1993, 2002
Skënderbeu (Korçë) [18 moves]
up: 9: Foun, 1976, 1979, 1982, 1986, 1990, 1995, 2005, 2007, 2009
down: 9: 1975, 1978, 1981, 1985, 1989, 1992, 2001, 2006, 2008
SK Lushnja (Traktori) [17 moves]
up: 9: 1947, 1951, 1960, 1980, 1982, 1988, 1990, 1996, 2008
down: 8: 1948, 1952, 1979, 1981, 1987, 1989, 1994, 2006
Apolonia (Fier) [13 moves]
up: 7: WWII, 1967, 1972, 1979, 1985, 2006, 2008
down: 6: 1952, 1971, 1973, 1980, 2003, 2007
NB: did not play in 1947 season by decision of Central Committee of
Albanian Communist Party; this is not counted as relegation
Besa (Kavajë) [13 moves]
up: 7: 1932, 1953, 1978, 1986, 2000, 2002, 2005
down: 6: 1952, 1977, 1985, 1999, 2001, 2004
NB: did not play in 1947 season by decision of Central Committee of
Albanian Communist Party; this is not counted as relegation
Pogradeci (Ylli i Kuq) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1935, 1949, 1951, 1964, 1967, 1991
down: 6: 1937, 1950, 1953, 1965, 1968, 1993
Naftëtari (Kuçovë (Qyteti Stalin)) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1945, 1950, 1968, 1973, 1978
down: 5: 1948, 1951, 1970, 1976, 1987
NB: did not play in 1947 season by decision of Central Committee of
Albanian Communist Party; this is not counted as relegation
Since 1895; no proper promotion or relegation until 1903.
Quilmes [18 moves]
up: 9: Insc, 1919, 1934, 1949, 1961, 1965, 1975, 1981, 1991, 2003
down: 9: 1916, 1933, 1937, 1951, 1962, 1970, 1980, 1982, 1992
[Quilmes inscribed for the league in 1900]
Banfield [17 moves]
up: 9: 1912, 1919, 1939, 1946, 1962, 1973, 1987, 1993, 2001
down: 8: 1917, 1934, 1944, 1954, 1972, 1978, 1988, 1997
Ferro Carril Oeste [14 moves]
up: 7: 1912, 1919, 1948, 1958, 1963, 1970, 1978
down: 7: 1918, 1946, 1957, 1962, 1968, 1977, 2000
Lanús [13 moves]
up: 7: 1919, 1950, 1964, 1971, 1976, 1990, 1992
down: 6: 1949, 1961, 1970, 1972, 1977, 1991
Tigre [12 moves]
up: 6: 1912, 1934, 1945, 1953, 1967, 1979
down: 6: 1933, 1942, 1950, 1958, 1968, 1980
Since 1911. SV Austria Salzburg [13 moves] up: 7: 1953, 1959, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1978, 1989 down: 6: 1957, 1961, 1963, 1966, 1977, 1985 First Vienna FC [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1919, 1969, 1976, 1982, 1984, 1986 down: 7: 1914, 1968, 1974, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1992 Linzer ASK [13 moves] up: 7: 1939, 1950, 1958, 1979, 1992, 1994, 2007 down: 6: 1941, 1955, 1978, 1989, 1993, 2001 1.Simmeringer SC [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1937, 1951, 1965, 1970, 1974, 1982 down: 7: 1928, 1938, 1964, 1966, 1972, 1975, 1983 Wiener AC [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1922, 1924, 1942, 1953, 1956 down: 6: 1921, 1923, 1936, 1948, 1954, 1965 Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz [10 moves] up: 5: 1954, 1966, 1970, 1972, 1999 down: 5: 1955, 1969, 1971, 1973, 2005 WSV Donawitz/DSV Alpine [10 moves] up: 5: 1958, 1968, 1971, 1984, 1990 down: 5: 1960, 1969, 1974, 1986, 1992
Since 1895. KV Mechelen [23 moves] up: 12: 1921, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1963, 1965, 1971, 1981, 1983, 1999, 2002, 2007 down: 11: 1922, 1925, 1927, 1956, 1964, 1969, 1977, 1982, 1997, 2001, 2003 RWDM (Racing CB, Racing White) [19 moves] up: 9: Foun, 1926, 1932, 1942, 1945, 1954, 1965, 1985, 1990, 2001 down: 10: 1925, 1930, 1934, 1943, 1952, 1955, 1984, 1989, 1998, 2002 Berchem Sport [14 moves] up: 7: 1922, 1934, 1943, 1962, 1972, 1978, 1986 down: 7: 1933, 1936, 1960, 1966, 1976, 1981, 1987 Beringen [14 moves] up: 7: 1950, 1952, 1955, 1958, 1962, 1972, 1983 down: 7: 1951, 1953, 1957, 1960, 1970, 1982, 1984 RC Mechelen [12 moves] up: 6: 1910, 1914, 1925, 1948, 1975, 1988 down: 6: 1912, 1924, 1937, 1958, 1976, 1990 Tilleur [12 moves] up: 6: 1925, 1928, 1933, 1939, 1948, 1964 down: 6: 1926, 1929, 1934, 1946, 1959, 1967
Since 1971; until 1980 no proper promotion, until 1987 no proper relegation, and lots of messing about with formats in general. Santa Cruz [7 moves] up: 3: 1992, 1999, 2005 down: 4: 1988, 1993, 2001, 2006 Coritiba [6 moves] up: 3: 1992, 1995, 2007 down: 3: 1989, 1993, 2005 Criciúma [6 moves] up: 3: 1987, 1992, 2003 down: 3: 1988, 1997, 2004 Fortaleza [6 moves] up: 3: 1992, 2002, 2004 down: 3: 1993, 2003, 2006 Atlético-PR [5 moves] up: 3: 1987, 1990, 1995 down: 2: 1989, 1993 Guarani [5 moves] up: 3: 1981, 1987, 1991 down: 2: 1989, 2005
Since 1937. Spartak Varna [18 moves] up: 9: 1949, 1953, 1965, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1992, 1995, 2006 down: 9: 1952, 1964, 1966, 1974, 1978, 1989, 1994, 2005, 2009 Minyor Pernik [16 moves] up: 8: 1950, 1966, 1972, 1979, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1996 down: 8: 1962, 1970, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1989, 1992, 2001 Cherno More Varna [15 moves] up: 8: 1948, 1951, 1956, 1960, 1977, 1988, 1993, 2000 down: 7: 1949, 1955, 1959, 1976, 1986, 1990, 1994
Since 1934. Rangers (Talca) [15 moves] up: 8: 1952, 1977, 1981, 1988, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2007 down: 7: 1976, 1978, 1987, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2006 Santiago Wanderers [13 moves] up: 7: 1936, 1943, 1978, 1982, 1989, 1995, 1999 down: 6: 1937, 1977, 1980, 1984, 1991, 1998 Deportes La Serena [13 moves] up: 7: 1957, 1961, 1980, 1983, 1987, 1996, 2003 down: 6: 1959, 1976, 1982, 1984, 1995, 1999 Deportes Temuco (Green Cross) [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1938, 1960, 1963, 1982, 1991, 2001 down: 7: 1934, 1958, 1962, 1980, 1984, 1998, 2005 O'Higgins [11 moves] up: 6: 1954, 1964, 1976, 1987, 1998, 2005 down: 5: 1963, 1975, 1985, 1996, 2001
Since 1948.
Unión Magdalena (Samarios) (Santa Marta) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1950, 1955, 1958, 1962, 2001
down: 5: 1954, 1957, 1960, 1999, 2005
Real Cartagena [9 moves]
up: 5: 1970, 1991, 1999, 2004, 2008
down: 4: 1971, 1992, 2002, 2007
NB: participation in 1971 due to temporary acquisition of place of
Atlético Bucaramanga; entry in 1992 by acquisition of place of
Sporting Barranquilla
Atlético Bucaramanga [8 moves]
up: 4: 1948, 1955, 1971, 1995
down: 4: 1953, 1970, 1994, 2008
NB: sold place in 1971 season to Real Cartagena
Since 1934.
Aris (Lemesos) [22 moves]
up: 11: Foun, 1954, 1956, 1972, 1982, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2009
down: 11: 1939, 1955, 1970, 1981, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008
AEP (APOP) (Paphos) [21 moves]
up: 11: 1966, 1971, 1973, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1992, 1996, 1999, 2006, 2008
down: 10: 1968, 1972, 1974, 1980, 1983, 1991, 1993, 1998, 2005, 2007
Evagoras (Paphos) [16 moves]
up: 8: 1968, 1972, 1981, 1984, 1989, 1991, 1995, 1997
down: 8: 1969, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1990, 1994, 1996, 1999
Alki (Larnaka) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1960, 1982, 1989, 1995, 2001, 2004, 2007
down: 7: 1981, 1988, 1992, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2009
APEP (Pitsilia) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 2005, 2008
down: 5: 1988, 1991, 1994, 1997, 2006
Omonia (Aradippos) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1978, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1993
down: 5: 1985, 1987, 1989, 1992, 1996
NB: in 2000 APOP and Evagoras merged to form A.E. Paphos, taking over the
place of APOP in the first division; the merger clubs remained at the
top level for 5 seasons before resuming old habits.
Since 1924. From 1992 on Czech Republic (CR) and Slovakia (SR). Viktoria Plzen (Skoda) [16+7 moves] up: 12: 1931, 1946, 1961, 1967, 1970, 1972, 1986, 1988, 1993 [CR], 2000 [CR], 2003 [CR], 2005 [CR] down: 11: 1938, 1952, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1980, 1987, 1989, 1999 [CR], 2001 [CR], 2004 [CR] Bohemians [12+5 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1946, 1953, 1958, 1966, 1969, 1973, 1996 [CR], 1999 [CR] down: 9: 1935, 1951, 1954, 1965, 1968, 1970, 1995 [CR], 1997 [CR], 2003 [CR] SK Hradec Kralové (Spartak) [13+3 moves] up: 8: 1955, 1958, 1964, 1972, 1980, 1987, 1990 , 2001 [CR] down: 8: 1957, 1963, 1966, 1973, 1981, 1989, 2000 [CR], 2003 [CR] SK Zilina (ZVL) [12+3 moves] up: 8: 1946, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1966, 1982, 1993 [SR], 1996 [SR] down: 7: 1952, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1978, 1988, 1995 [SR] Boby Brno (Zbrojovka) [13 moves] up: 7: 1933, 1948, 1951, 1957, 1971, 1989, 1992 down: 6: 1947, 1949, 1952, 1967, 1983, 1991
Since 1929.
B 1909 [22 moves]
up: 11: 1940, 1948, 1950, 1954, 1967, 1970, 1974, 1976, 1981, 1983, 1992
down: 11: 1946, 1949, 1953, 1966, 1969, 1972, 1975, 1977, 1982, 1984, 1993
NB: due to World War II, B 1909's first promotion did not get
effective until 1945.
Køge BK [14 moves]
up: 7: 1939, 1957, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1979, 2002
down: 7: 1956, 1959, 1963, 1967, 1978, 1985, 2003
B 93 [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1958, 1963, 1974, 1984, 1998
down: 6: 1954, 1959, 1965, 1983, 1985, 1999
AaB [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1962, 1964, 1972, 1978, 1986
down: 5: 1947, 1963, 1971, 1977, 1980,
Fremad Amager (now FC Amager) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1931, 1938, 1975, 1979, 1994
down: 5: 1935, 1948, 1976, 1980, 1995
OB [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1947, 1957, 1966, 1975, 1999
down: 5: 1933, 1955, 1962, 1968, 1998
Viborg FF [10 moves]
up: 5: 1980, 1989, 1993, 1995, 1998
down: 5: 1981, 1990, 1994, 1997, 2008
Since 1888. Birmingham City (Small Heath, Birmingham) [23 moves] up: 12: 1894, 1901, 1903, 1921, 1948, 1955, 1972, 1980, 1985, 2002, 2007, 2009 down: 11: 1896, 1902, 1908, 1939, 1950, 1965, 1979, 1984, 1986, 2006, 2008 Leicester City (Leicester Fosse) [22 moves] up: 11: 1908, 1925, 1937, 1954, 1957, 1971, 1980, 1983, 1994, 1996, 2003 down: 11: 1909, 1935, 1939, 1955, 1969, 1978, 1981, 1987, 1995, 2002, 2004 Manchester City (Ardwick) [21 moves] up: 11: 1899, 1903, 1910, 1928, 1947, 1951, 1966, 1985, 1989, 2000, 2002 down: 10: 1902, 1909, 1926, 1938, 1950, 1963, 1983, 1987, 1996, 2001 Bolton Wanderers [18 moves] up: 9: Foun, 1900, 1905, 1909, 1911, 1935, 1978, 1995, 1997, 2001 down: 9: 1899, 1903, 1908, 1910, 1933, 1964, 1980, 1996, 1998 Sheffield Wednesday (The Wednesday) [18 moves] up: 9: 1892, 1900, 1926, 1950, 1952, 1956, 1959, 1984, 1991 down: 9: 1899, 1920, 1937, 1951, 1955, 1958, 1970, 1990, 2000 Sunderland [17 moves] up: 9: 1890, 1964, 1976, 1980, 1990, 1996, 1999, 2005, 2007 down: 8: 1958, 1970, 1977, 1985, 1991, 1997, 2003, 2006 West Bromwich Albion [17 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1902, 1911, 1931, 1949, 1976, 2002, 2004, 2008 down: 9: 1901, 1904, 1927, 1938, 1973, 1986, 2003, 2006, 2009 Middlesbrough [16 moves] up: 8: 1902, 1927, 1929, 1974, 1988, 1992, 1995, 1998 down: 8: 1924, 1928, 1954, 1982, 1989, 1993, 1997, 2009 Derby County [15 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1912, 1915, 1926, 1969, 1987, 1996, 2007 down: 8: 1907, 1914, 1921, 1953, 1980, 1991, 2002, 2008 Sheffield United [14 moves] up: 7: 1893, 1939, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1990, 2006 down: 7: 1934, 1949, 1956, 1968, 1976, 1994, 2007 Nottingham Forest [14 moves] up: 7: 1892, 1907, 1922, 1957, 1977, 1994, 1998 down: 7: 1906, 1911, 1925, 1972, 1993, 1997, 1999 Chelsea [13 moves] up: 7: 1907, 1912, 1930, 1963, 1977, 1984, 1989 down: 6: 1910, 1924, 1962, 1975, 1979, 1988 Crystal Palace [12 moves] up: 6: 1969, 1979, 1989, 1994, 1997, 2004 down: 6: 1973, 1981, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2005 Leeds United [12 moves] up: 6: 1924, 1928, 1932, 1956, 1964, 1990 down: 6: 1927, 1931, 1947, 1960, 1982, 2004 Stoke City (Stoke) [12 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1891, 1922, 1933, 1963, 1979, 2008 down: 6: 1890, 1907, 1923, 1953, 1977, 1985 Wolverhampton Wanderers [12 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1932, 1967, 1977, 1983, 2003, 2009 down: 6: 1906, 1965, 1976, 1982, 1984, 2004 Manchester United (Newton Heath) [11 moves] up: 6: 1892, 1906, 1925, 1936, 1938, 1975 down: 5: 1894, 1922, 1931, 1937, 1974 Notts County [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1897, 1914, 1923, 1981, 1991 down: 6: 1893, 1913, 1920, 1926, 1984, 1992 Preston North End [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1904, 1913, 1915, 1934, 1951 down: 6: 1901, 1912, 1914, 1925, 1949, 1961 West Ham United [11 moves] up: 6: 1923, 1958, 1981, 1991, 1993, 2005 down: 5: 1932, 1978, 1989, 1992, 2003 Burnley [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1898, 1913, 1947, 1973, 2009 down: 5: 1897, 1900, 1930, 1971, 1976 Newcastle United [10 moves] up: 5: 1898, 1948, 1965, 1984, 1993 down: 5: 1934, 1961, 1978, 1989, 2009 Norwich City [10 moves] up: 5: 1972, 1975, 1982, 1986, 2004 down: 5: 1974, 1981, 1985, 1995, 2005
Since 1930. Vaasan PS [17 moves] up: 9: Foun, 1934, 1937, 1954, 1961, 1964, 1970, 1974, 1994, 2005 down: 8: 1933, 1936, 1953, 1958, 1962, 1968, 1972, 1977, 2002 FC Oulu (OTP) [16 moves] up: 8: 1965, 1970, 1972, 1976, 1979, 1984, 1987, 1993 down: 8: 1966, 1971, 1975, 1978, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1994
Since 1932. (NB: the season 1932/33, the first with a professional
national league championship in France, was played in two groups of
10 but is included here although only from 1933/34 on a championship
in one national group was played.)
RC Strasbourg [20 moves]
up: 10: 1934, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1972, 1977, 1988, 1992, 2002, 2007
down: 10: 1952, 1957, 1960, 1971, 1976, 1986, 1989, 2001, 2006, 2008
Stade Rennais [16 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1945, 1956, 1958, 1976, 1983, 1985, 1990, 1994
down: 8: 1937, 1953, 1957, 1975, 1977, 1984, 1987, 1992
Valenciennes FC [15 moves]
up: 8: 1935, 1937, 1956, 1962, 1972, 1975, 1992, 2006
down: 7: 1936, 1938, 1961, 1971, 1973, 1982, 1993
Le Havre AC [14 moves]
up: 7: 1938, 1950, 1959, 1985, 1991, 2002, 2008
down: 7: 1947, 1954, 1962, 1988, 2000, 2003, 2009
Montpellier HSC (SO Montpellier) [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1946, 1952, 1961, 1982, 1987, 2001, 2009
down: 7: 1935, 1950, 1953, 1963, 1983, 2000, 2004
FC Metz [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1935, 1951, 1961, 1967, 2003, 2007
down: 7: 1933, 1950, 1958, 1962, 2002, 2006, 2008
Lille OSC (Olympique Lillois) [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1957, 1964, 1971, 1974, 1978, 2000
down: 6: 1956, 1959, 1968, 1972, 1977, 1997
OGC Nice [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1948, 1965, 1970, 1985, 1994, 2002
down: 6: 1934, 1964, 1969, 1982, 1991, 1997
FC Sochaux-Montbéliard [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1947, 1961, 1964, 1988, 1998, 2001
down: 6: 1946, 1960, 1962, 1987, 1995, 1999
RC Lens [11 moves]
up: 6: 1937, 1949, 1973, 1979, 1991, 2009
down: 5: 1947, 1968, 1978, 1989, 2008
AS Nancy-Lorraine [11 moves]
up: 6: 1970, 1975, 1990, 1996, 1998, 2005
down: 5: 1974, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2000
NB: no connection with FC Nancy (6 moves 1946-1963)
Red Star [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1934, 1939, 1965, 1967, 1974
down: 6: 1933, 1938, 1948, 1966, 1973, 1975
NB: "promotion" 1967 by merger with (absorption of) Toulouse FC.
SCO Angers [10 moves]
up: 5: 1956, 1969, 1976, 1978, 1993
down: 5: 1968, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1995
AS/ES Troyes [10 moves]
up: 5: 1954, 1960, 1973, 1999, 2005
down: 5: 1956, 1961, 1978, 2003, 2007
NB: the current Toulouse FC (7 moves 1982-2003) has no connection with the
Toulouse FC absorbed by Red Star in 1967 (3 moves 1946-1967)
Since 1949. From 1991 on united Germany (FRG). Hansa Rostock [11+5 moves] up: 8: 1952, 1957, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1987, 1995 [FRG], 2007 [FRG] down: 8: 1956, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1986, 1992 [FRG], 2005 [FRG], 2008 [FRG] Union Berlin [12 moves] up: 6: 1950, 1966, 1970, 1976, 1982, 1986 down: 6: 1953, 1969, 1973, 1980, 1984, 1989
Since 1963.
DSC Arminia Bielefeld [14 moves]
up: 7: 1970, 1978, 1980, 1996, 1999, 2002, 2004
down: 7: 1972, 1979, 1985, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2009
1.FC Nürnberg [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1978, 1980, 1985, 1998, 2001, 2004, 2009
down: 7: 1969, 1979, 1984, 1994, 1999, 2003, 2008
VfL Bochum [11 moves]
up: 6: 1971, 1994, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2006
down: 5: 1993, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2005
Karlsruher SC [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1975, 1980, 1984, 1987, 2007
down: 6: 1968, 1977, 1983, 1985, 1998, 2009
MSV Duisburg (Meidericher SV) [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1991, 1993, 1996, 2005, 2007
down: 6: 1982, 1992, 1995, 2000, 2006, 2008
KFC Uerdingen (Bayer Uerdingen) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1975, 1979, 1983, 1992, 1994
down: 5: 1976, 1981, 1991, 1993, 1996
Hannover 96 [9 moves]
up: 5: 1965, 1975, 1985, 1987, 2002
down: 4: 1974, 1976, 1986, 1989
Fortuna Düsseldorf [8 moves]
up: 4: 1966, 1971, 1989, 1995
down: 4: 1967, 1987, 1992, 1997
Hertha BSC [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1968, 1982, 1990, 1997
down: 4: 1965, 1980, 1983, 1991
1.FC Köln [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2008
down: 4: 1998, 2002, 2004, 2006
Offenbacher FC Kickers [8 moves]
up: 4: 1968, 1970, 1972, 1983
down: 4: 1969, 1971, 1976, 1984
FC Sankt Pauli [8 moves]
up: 4: 1977, 1988, 1995, 2001
down: 4: 1978, 1991, 1997, 2002
Since 1958; no promotion or relegation until 1961. Standfast (Accra) [10 moves] up: 5: 1961, 1966, 1975, 1981, 1986 down: 5: 1963, 1968, 1976, 1983, 1989 All Blacks (Swedru) [9 moves] up: 5: 1961, 1969, 1973, 1997, 2005 down: 4: 1963, 1971, 1978, 1999 Mysterious Dwarfs (Cape Coast) [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1985, 1987, 1992, 2004 down: 5: 1981, 1986, 1990, 2000, 2005 Venomonous Vipers (Cape Coast) [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1970, 1983, 1985, 1989 down: 5: 1969, 1972, 1984, 1987, 1990
Since 1960. Panahaiki [16 moves] up: 8: 1969, 1971, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1995, 1999 down: 8: 1970, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1994, 1998, 2003 Panserraïkos [14 moves] up: 7: 1965, 1972, 1980, 1985, 1987, 1989, 2008 down: 7: 1971, 1979, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1992, 2009 Veria [12 moves] up: 6: 1966, 1970, 1977, 1986, 1996, 2007 down: 6: 1969, 1972, 1978, 1988, 1999, 2008 PAS Giannina [11 moves] up: 6: 1974, 1985, 1990, 2000, 2002, 2009 down: 5: 1984, 1987, 1991, 2001, 2003 Aigaleo [10 moves] up: 5: 1961, 1965, 1977, 1983, 2001 down: 5: 1964, 1975, 1979, 1985, 2007
Since 1901.
Haladás [26 moves]
up: 14: 1936, 1939, 1942, 1945, 1962, 1966, 1973, 1981, 1991, 1993, 1995, 2001, 2003, 2008
down: 12: 1937, 1941, 1943, 1960, 1963, 1972, 1979, 1990, 1992, 1994, 2000, 2002, 2004/06
NB: includes relegation 'within' the two-stage 2000/01 season;
Haladás merged in summer 2004 with Pápa who took over their top level place,
the Szombathely team continuing at the 2nd level; Pápa were relegated in 2006,
while Haladás returned in 2008
Szeged LC (Szeged SC, SZEOL AK) [22 moves]
up: 11: 1950, 1956, 1959, 1966, 1970, 1972, 1975, 1981, 1983, 1990, 1999
down: 11: 1954, 1958, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1985, 1991, 2000
Diosgyõr VTK [19 moves]
up: 10: 1940, 1950, 1953, 1957, 1963, 1966, 1974, 1991, 1997, 2004
down: 9: 1944, 1952, 1955, 1961, 1965, 1973, 1984, 1993, 2000
Since 1921; no proper promotion or relegation until 1985. Drogheda United [12 moves] up: 6: 1963, 1989, 1991, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2002 down: 6: 1985, 1990, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000 Bray Wanderers [11 moves] up: 6: 1986, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2004 down: 5: 1988, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2003 Waterford United (Waterford) [9 moves] up: 4: 1930, 1990, 1992, 1998, 2003 down: 5: 1989, 1991, 1993, 2000, 2007
Since 1949. Hapoel Kfar-Saba [18 moves] up: 9: 1952, 1957, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1995, 2002, 2005 down: 9: 1956, 1959, 1977, 1983, 1991, 1994, 2000, 2003, 2008 Beitar Tel-Aviv [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1964, 1969, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1994 down: 7: 1961, 1966, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1993, 1996 Hakoah Maccabi Ramat-Gan [11 moves] up: 6: 1959, 1962, 1979, 1983, 2006, 2008 down: 5: 1960, 1978, 1980, 1985, 2007 Hapoel Jerusalem [10 moves] up: 5: 1957, 1980, 1985, 1988, 1996 down: 5: 1979, 1983, 1986, 1992, 2000 Hapoel Ramat-Gan [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1963, 1980, 1982, 1989, 2009 down: 5: 1960, 1969, 1981, 1983, 1990 Hapoel Tsafririm Holon [10 moves] up: 5: 1970, 1987, 1990, 1998, 2000 down: 5: 1971, 1989, 1997, 1999, 2001 Beitar Jerusalem [9 moves] up: 5: 1954, 1959, 1968, 1981, 1992 down: 4: 1955, 1960, 1980, 1991 Bnei-Yehuda Tel-Aviv [9 moves] up: 5: 1959, 1973, 1978, 1985, 2002 down: 4: 1972, 1976, 1984, 2001 Hapoel Hadera [8 moves] up: 4: 1954, 1970, 1973, 1977 down: 4: 1955, 1972, 1976, 1979 Maccabi Jaffa [8 moves] up: 4: 1955, 1971, 1995, 1998 down: 4: 1970, 1987, 1996, 1999 Maccabi Petah-Tikva [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1969, 1972, 1978, 1991 down: 4: 1966, 1971, 1977, 1988
Since 1929.
Atalanta [21 moves]
up: 11: 1937, 1940, 1959, 1971, 1977, 1985, 1988, 1995, 2000, 2004, 2006
down: 10: 1938, 1958, 1969, 1973, 1979, 1987, 1994, 1998, 2003, 2005
Bari [21 moves]
up: 11: 1931, 1935, 1942, 1958, 1963, 1969, 1985, 1989, 1994, 1997, 2009
down: 10: 1933, 1941, 1950, 1961, 1964, 1970, 1986, 1992, 1996, 2001
Brescia [21 moves]
up: 10: Foun, 1933, 1946, 1965, 1969, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2000
down: 11: 1932, 1936, 1947, 1968, 1970, 1981, 1987, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2005
Genoa 1893 [16 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1935, 1953, 1962, 1973, 1976, 1981, 1989, 2007
down: 8: 1934, 1951, 1960, 1965, 1974, 1978, 1984, 1995
Lecce [14 moves]
up: 7: 1985, 1988, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2008
down: 6: 1986, 1991, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2009
Palermo [14 moves]
up: 7: 1932, 1948, 1956, 1959, 1961, 1968, 1972
down: 7: 1936, 1954, 1957, 1960, 1963, 1970, 1973
NB: Città di Palermo, promoted to the Serie A in 2004, are a new club
founded in 1987 after Palermo had been refused a license for the
Serie B in 1986.
Hellas Verona [14 moves]
up: 7: 1957, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1991, 1996, 1999
down: 7: 1958, 1974, 1979, 1990, 1992, 1997, 2002
Napoli [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1945, 1950, 1962, 1965, 2000, 2007
down: 6: 1942, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1998, 2001
Venezia [12 moves]
up: 6: 1939, 1949, 1961, 1966, 1998, 2001
down: 6: 1947, 1950, 1963, 1967, 2000, 2002
Modena [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1938, 1941, 1943, 1962, 2002
down: 6: 1932, 1940, 1942, 1949, 1964, 2004
Torino [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1960, 1990, 1999, 2001, 2005
down: 6: 1959, 1989, 1996, 2000, 2003, 2009
Udinese [11 moves]
up: 6: 1950, 1956, 1979, 1989, 1992, 1995
down: 5: 1955, 1962, 1987, 1990, 1994
Ascoli [10 moves]
up: 5: 1974, 1978, 1986, 1991, 2005
down 5: 1976, 1985, 1990, 1992, 2007
Como [10 moves]
up: 5: 1949, 1975, 1980, 1984, 2002
down: 5: 1953, 1976, 1982, 1989, 2003
Foggia [10 moves]
up: 5: 1964, 1970, 1973, 1976, 1991
down: 5: 1967, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1995
Lazio [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1963, 1969, 1972, 1983, 1988
down: 5: 1961, 1967, 1971, 1980, 1985
Pisa [10 moves]
up: 5: 1968, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1990
down: 5: 1969, 1984, 1986, 1989, 1991
Vicenza [10 moves]
up: 5: 1942, 1955, 1977, 1995, 2000
down: 5: 1948, 1975, 1979, 1999, 2001
Since 1965; the 1992 moves (marked *) were due to the formation of a new professional league and were determined by election rather than league position. Kashiwa Reysol (Hitachi) [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1989, 1991, 1994 down: 3: 1987, 1990, 1992* NKK (Nippon Kokan) [6 moves] up: 3: 1966, 1981, 1983 down: 3: 1979, 1982, 1991 Jubilo Iwata (Yamaha) [5 moves] up: 3: 1979, 1982, 1993 down: 2: 1981, 1992* Kashima Antlers (Sumitomo) [5 moves] up: 3: 1984, 1987, 1992* down: 2: 1986, 1989 Nagoya Grampus Eight (Toyota) [5 moves] up: 3: 1972, 1987, 1990 down: 2: 1977, 1988
Since 1910.
Stade Dudelange [22 moves]
up: 11: 1915, 1919, 1927, 1930, 1932, 1936, 1969, 1973, 1975, 1979, 1982
down: 11: 1916, 1926, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1981, 1986
CS Pétange [21 moves]
up: 11: 1913, 1917, 1945, 1948, 1965, 1986, 1988, 1993, 1997, 2004, 2009
down: 10: 1914, 1918, 1947, 1949, 1968, 1987, 1989, 1996, 1999, 2008
Fola Esch [19 moves]
up: 10: 1915, 1935, 1945, 1951, 1959, 1968, 1972, 1989, 1992, 2008
down: 9: 1934, 1939, 1950, 1958, 1963, 1969, 1976, 1991, 1994
F'91 Dudelange (Alliance) [17 moves]
up: 9: 1952, 1954, 1961, 1970, 1974, 1980, 1984, 1989, 1992
down: 8: 1953, 1960, 1966, 1972, 1979, 1983, 1988, 1990
NB: after the merger of Stade, Alliance, and US Dudelange, F'91 Dudelange took over
Alliance's place in the second division.
Progres Niedercorn [17 moves]
up: 9: 1926, 1928, 1936, 1963, 1967, 1974, 1990, 2001, 2006
down: 8: 1927, 1935, 1960, 1964, 1972, 1989, 1991, 2003
Aris Bonnevoie [16 moves]
up: 8: 1926, 1931, 1934, 1959, 1978, 1987, 1989, 1998
down: 7: 1927, 1932, 1937, 1977, 1986, 1988, 1997, 2000
FC Rodange (Chiers) [16 moves]
up: 8: 1938, 1950, 1955, 1957, 1960, 1975, 1995, 2000
down: 8: 1947, 1951, 1956, 1959, 1961, 1980, 1997, 2001
US Dudelange [14 moves]
up: 7: 1924, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1953, 1957, 1961
down: 7: 1925, 1930, 1932, 1951, 1954, 1958, 1970
Since 1909; no proper promotion or relegation until 1946.
Birkirkara United (now Birkirkara) [21 moves]
up: 11: 1949, 1952, 1961, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1977, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1990
down: 10: 1950, 1960, 1963, 1966, 1969, 1976, 1981, 1984, 1986, 1989
Saint Georges [19 moves]
up: 9: 1945, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1966, 1972, 1974, 1992, 1994, 2006
down: 10: 1953, 1955, 1958, 1964, 1969, 1973, 1980, 1993, 1995, 2007
Rabat Ajax [14 moves]
up: 7: 1951, 1962, 1982, 1988, 1990, 1995, 1998
down: 7: 1959, 1965, 1987, 1989, 1994, 1997, 2001
Since 1943. Zacatepec [10 moves] up: 5: 1951, 1963, 1970, 1978, 1984 down: 5: 1962, 1966, 1977, 1983, 1985
Since 1956.
FC Volendam [18 moves]
up: 9: 1959, 1961, 1967, 1970, 1977, 1983, 1987, 2003, 2008
down: 9: 1960, 1964, 1969, 1972, 1979, 1985, 1998, 2004, 2009
FC Den Bosch (BVV) [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1971, 1983, 1992, 1999, 2001, 2004
down: 7: 1958, 1973, 1990, 1993, 2000, 2002, 2005
Excelsior [12 moves]
up: 6: 1970, 1974, 1979, 1982, 2002, 2006
down: 6: 1973, 1976, 1981, 1987, 2003, 2008
De Graafschap [12 moves]
up: 6: 1973, 1981, 1991, 1995, 2004, 2007
down: 6: 1977, 1982, 1992, 2003, 2005, 2009
VVV-Venlo (VVV, FC VVV) [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1976, 1985, 1991, 1993, 2007, 2009
down: 6: 1962, 1979, 1989, 1992, 1994, 2008
ADO Den Haag (ADO, FC Den Haag) [9 moves]
up: 5: 1957, 1986, 1989, 2003, 2008
down: 4: 1982, 1988, 1992, 2007
AZ (Alkmaar, AZ '67) [9 moves]
up: 5: 1960, 1968, 1972, 1996, 1998
down: 4: 1961, 1971, 1988, 1997
MVV [9 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1978, 1984, 1988, 1997
down: 5: 1976, 1982, 1986, 1995, 2000
NEC [9 moves]
up: 5: 1967, 1975, 1985, 1989, 1994
down: 4: 1974, 1983, 1986, 1991
FC Dordrecht (DFC, DS '79, Dordrecht '90) [8 moves]
up: 4: 1983, 1987, 1991, 1994
down: 4: 1984, 1988, 1993, 1995
NB: "promotion" 1991 by merger with SVV.
FC Groningen (GVAV) [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1960, 1971, 1980, 2000
down: 4: 1958, 1970, 1974, 1998
Haarlem [8 moves]
up: 4: 1969, 1972, 1976, 1981
down: 4: 1971, 1975, 1980, 1990
NAC Breda (NAC) [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1966, 1984, 1993, 2000
down: 4: 1965, 1983, 1985, 1999
Willem II [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1958, 1965, 1979, 1987
down: 4: 1957, 1963, 1967, 1984
Since 1962. Hamarkameratene [16 moves] up: 8: 1969, 1975, 1978, 1980, 1985, 1991, 2003, 2007 down: 8: 1974, 1977, 1979, 1983, 1987, 1995, 2006, 2008 FC Lyn Oslo (SFK Lyn) [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1970, 1977, 1979, 1990, 1996, 2000 down: 7: 1969, 1973, 1978, 1981, 1993, 1997, 2009 Sogndal IL [12 moves] up: 6: 1981, 1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 2000 down: 6: 1982, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2004 IK Start [13 moves] up: 7: 1968, 1972, 1988, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2008 down: 6: 1969, 1987, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2007 Molde FK [11 moves] up: 6: 1973, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1994, 2007 down: 5: 1978, 1980, 1982, 1993, 2006 Strømsgodset IF [11 moves] up: 6: 1966, 1989, 1993, 1995, 2000, 2006 down: 5: 1976, 1991, 1994, 1999, 2001 SK Brann [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1967, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986 down: 5: 1964, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1985 Mjøndalen IF [10 moves] up: 5: 1971, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1991 down: 5: 1977, 1979, 1983, 1987, 1992 Vålerenga F (Vålerengen IF, VIF Fotball) [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1973, 1976, 1993, 1997, 2001 down: 5: 1968, 1975, 1990, 1996, 2000
Since 1927. Cracovia [16 moves] up: 8: 1927, 1936, 1957, 1960, 1966, 1969, 1982, 2004 down: 8: 1935, 1954, 1959, 1962, 1967, 1970, 1984, 2009 Pogon Szczecin [13 moves] up: 7: 1958, 1962, 1966, 1981, 1992, 1997, 2004 down: 6: 1960, 1965, 1979, 1989, 1996, 2003 Gwardia Warszawa [12 moves] up: 6: 1952, 1961, 1967, 1969, 1978, 1981 down: 6: 1960, 1966, 1968, 1975, 1979, 1983 Odra Opole [12 moves] up: 6: 1952, 1955, 1959, 1967, 1971, 1976 down: 6: 1953, 1958, 1966, 1970, 1974, 1981 Polonia Bytom [11 moves] up: 6: 1947, 1950, 1956, 1977, 1986, 2007 down: 5: 1949, 1955, 1976, 1980, 1987 Szombierki Bytom [10 moves] up: 5: 1948, 1963, 1973, 1987, 1992 down: 5: 1950, 1972, 1984, 1989, 1993 Zawisza Bydgoszcz [10 moves] up: 5: 1960, 1964, 1977, 1979, 1989 down: 5: 1961, 1967, 1978, 1981, 1994
Since 1938; no proper promotion or relegation until 1948.
Beira-Mar [18 moves]
up: 9: 1961, 1965, 1971, 1975, 1978, 1988, 1998, 2000, 2006
down: 9: 1962, 1967, 1974, 1977, 1980, 1995, 1999, 2005, 2007
Barreirense [14 moves]
up: 7: 1951, 1960, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1978
down: 7: 1959, 1961, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1974, 1979
Vitória FC (Setúbal) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1943, 1952, 1962, 1987, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2004
down: 7: 1951, 1960, 1986, 1991, 1995, 2000, 2003
Académica Coimbra [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1949, 1973, 1980, 1984, 1997, 2002
down: 6: 1948, 1972, 1979, 1981, 1988, 1999
Espinho [12 moves]
up: 6: 1974, 1977, 1979, 1987, 1992, 1996
down: 6: 1975, 1978, 1984, 1989, 1993, 1997
Varzim [12 moves]
up: 6: 1963, 1976, 1982, 1986, 1997, 2001
down: 6: 1971, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1998, 2003
Atlético CP [11 moves]
up: 5: 1945, 1959, 1966, 1968, 1971, 1974
down: 6: 1957, 1963, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1977
Rio Ave [11 moves]
up: 6: 1979, 1981, 1986, 1996, 2003, 2008
down: 5: 1980, 1985, 1988, 2000, 2006
Salgueiros [10 moves]
up: 5: 1951, 1957, 1960, 1982, 1990
down: 5: 1952, 1958, 1962, 1988, 2002
Tirsense [10 moves]
up: 5: 1967, 1970, 1989, 1992, 1994
down: 5: 1968, 1972, 1991, 1993, 1996
Since 1934.
Politehnica Timisoara (CSU, Stiinta) [18 moves]
up: 9: 1948, 1952, 1960, 1965, 1973, 1984, 1987, 1989, 1995
down: 9: 1951, 1959, 1964, 1967, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1994, 1997
NB: not related to current side Poli AEK Timisoara, who earned promotion
2002 as AEK Bucuresti and were then relocated.
Petrolul Ploiesti (Juventus Bucuresti etc.) [15 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1946, 1953, 1977, 1982, 1985, 1989, 2003
down: 8: 1940, 1952, 1974, 1978, 1984, 1988, 2002, 2004
Universitatea Cluj (Stiinta) [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1940, 1950, 1958, 1979, 1985, 1992, 2007
down: 7: 1938, 1949, 1956, 1976, 1982, 1991, 1999
Poli Unirea Iasi (CSMS, Politehnica) [13 moves]
up: 7: 1960, 1962, 1968, 1973, 1982, 1995, 2004
down: 6: 1961, 1967, 1972, 1981, 1985, 1996
Since 1992. Shinnik Yaroslavl [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1996, 2001, 2007 down: 3: 1992, 1999, 2006 Kuban Krasnodar [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 2003, 2006 down: 3: 1992, 2004, 2007 FK Tyumen (Dinamo-Gazovik Tyumen) [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 1993, 1996 down: 3: 1992, 1995, 1998 Fakel Voronezh [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 1996, 1999 down: 3: 1992, 1997, 2001
Since 1890.
Morton [20 moves]
up: 10: 1900, 1929, 1937, 1946, 1950, 1964, 1967, 1978, 1984, 1987
down: 10: 1927, 1933, 1938, 1949, 1952, 1966, 1975, 1983, 1985, 1988
Clyde [18 moves]
up: 9: 1892, 1894, 1906, 1926, 1952, 1957, 1962, 1964, 1973
down: 9: 1893, 1900, 1924, 1951, 1956, 1961, 1963, 1972, 1975
Dunfermline Athletic [18 moves]
up: 9: 1926, 1934, 1955, 1958, 1973, 1987, 1989, 1996, 2000
down: 9: 1928, 1937, 1957, 1972, 1975, 1988, 1992, 1999, 2007
Falkirk [17 moves]
up: 9: 1905, 1936, 1952, 1961, 1970, 1986, 1991, 1994, 2005
down: 8: 1935, 1951, 1959, 1969, 1974, 1988, 1993, 1996
Airdrieonians [16 moves]
up: 8: 1903, 1947, 1950, 1955, 1966, 1974, 1980, 1991
down: 8: 1936, 1948, 1954, 1965, 1973, 1975, 1982, 1993
NB: club were dissolved in 2002; the current Airdrie United side took
the place of Clydebank in Division 2 (3rd level) 2002/03.
Saint Johnstone [15 moves]
up: 8: 1924, 1932, 1960, 1963, 1983, 1990, 1997, 2009
down: 7: 1930, 1946, 1962, 1976, 1984, 1994, 2002
Ayr United [14 moves]
up: 7: 1913, 1928, 1937, 1956, 1959, 1966, 1969
down: 7: 1925, 1936, 1939, 1957, 1961, 1967, 1978
Partick Thistle [14 moves]
up: 7: 1897, 1900, 1902, 1971, 1976, 1992, 2002
down: 7: 1899, 1901, 1970, 1975, 1982, 1996, 2004
Raith Rovers [14 moves]
up: 7: 1910, 1927, 1938, 1949, 1967, 1993, 1995
down: 7: 1926, 1929, 1939, 1963, 1970, 1994, 1997
Kilmarnock [13 moves]
up: 7: 1899, 1954, 1974, 1976, 1979, 1982, 1993
down: 6: 1947, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1983
Dundee [12 moves]
up: 6: 1893, 1947, 1979, 1981, 1992, 1998
down: 6: 1938, 1976, 1980, 1990, 1994, 2005
Stirling Albion [12 moves]
up: 6: 1949, 1951, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1965
down: 6: 1950, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1962, 1968
Hamilton Academical(s) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1906, 1953, 1965, 1986, 1988, 2008
down: 5: 1947, 1954, 1966, 1987, 1989
Saint Mirren [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1936, 1968, 1977, 2000, 2006
down: 5: 1935, 1967, 1971, 1992, 2001
NB: Dundee and Raith Rovers did not play in the league in the 1917/18
and 1918/19 seasons due to war-time transportation difficulties
but (like Aberdeen) retained full membership;
there were two separate clubs called Clydebank part of the league
at different eras, the first making 6 moves (3 up, 3 down) in and
out of the first level between 1914 and 1931 and the second making
4 such moves (2 up, 2 down) between 1966 and 2002 (when their
franchise was sold to newly formed Airdrie United).
Since 1936. From 1991 split into 15 different states. Lokomotive Moskva [14 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1947, 1951, 1964, 1971, 1974, 1987, 1990 down: 7: 1945, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1972, 1980, 1989, 1991 NB: relegation in 1991 not effective due to CIS break-up. Dynamo Minsk [13 moves] up: 7: 1944, 1951, 1953, 1956, 1962, 1975, 1978 down: 6: 1950, 1952, 1955, 1957, 1973, 1976
Since 1928.
CD Málaga [22 moves]
up: 11: 1949, 1952, 1954, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1970, 1976, 1979, 1982, 1988
down: 11: 1951, 1953, 1955, 1963, 1966, 1969, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1985, 1990
NB: club dissolved and not related to Málaga CF, promoted 1999 and first
relegated 2006.
Real Murcia [22 moves]
up: 11: 1940, 1944, 1950, 1955, 1963, 1973, 1980, 1983, 1986, 2003, 2007
down: 11: 1941, 1947, 1951, 1956, 1965, 1975, 1981, 1985, 1989, 2004, 2008
Real Betis Balompié (Sevilla) [20 moves]
up: 10: 1932, 1942, 1958, 1967, 1971, 1974, 1979, 1990, 1994, 2001
down: 10: 1940, 1943, 1966, 1968, 1973, 1978, 1989, 1991, 2000, 2009
RC Celta (Vigo) [20 moves]
up: 10: 1939, 1945, 1969, 1976, 1978, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1992, 2005
down: 10: 1944, 1959, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1990, 2004, 2007
RC Deportivo (La Coruña) [17 moves]
up: 9: 1941, 1946, 1948, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1971, 1991
down: 8: 1945, 1947, 1957, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1970, 1973
Racing de Santander [16 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1950, 1960, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1984, 1993, 2002
down: 8: 1940, 1955, 1962, 1974, 1979, 1983, 1987, 2001
Real CD Zaragoza [15 moves]
up: 7: 1939, 1942, 1951, 1956, 1972, 1978, 2003, 2009
down: 7: 1941, 1943, 1953, 1971, 1977, 2002, 2008
Hércules CF (Alicante) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1935, 1945, 1954, 1966, 1974, 1984, 1996
down: 7: 1942, 1946, 1956, 1967, 1982, 1986, 1997
Real CD Mallorca [13 moves]
up: 7: 1960, 1965, 1969, 1983, 1986, 1989, 1997
down: 6: 1963, 1966, 1970, 1984, 1988, 1992
Real Oviedo [12 moves]
up: 6: 1933, 1952, 1958, 1972, 1975, 1988
down: 6: 1950, 1954, 1965, 1974, 1976, 2001
NB: were inactive 1939/40 but kept their top flight place
CA Osasuna (Pamplona) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1935, 1953, 1956, 1961, 1980, 2000
down: 5: 1936, 1954, 1960, 1963, 1994
Real Sociedad (San Sebastián) [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1949, 1967
down: 6: 1935, 1942, 1944, 1948, 1962, 2007
R Sporting de Gijón [11 moves]
up: 6: 1944, 1951, 1957, 1970, 1977, 2008
down: 5: 1948, 1954, 1959, 1976, 1998
Real Valladolid [11 moves]
up: 6: 1948, 1959, 1962, 1980, 1993, 2007
down: 5: 1958, 1961, 1964, 1992, 2004
Cádiz CF [10 moves]
up: 5: 1977, 1981, 1983, 1985, 2005
down: 5: 1978, 1982, 1984, 1993, 2006
UD Las Palmas [10 moves]
up: 5: 1951, 1954, 1964, 1985, 2000
down: 5: 1952, 1960, 1983, 1988, 2002
Rayo Vallecano (Madrid) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1977, 1989, 1992, 1995, 1999
down: 5: 1980, 1990, 1994, 1997, 2003
Since 1924. Djurgårdens IF [19 moves] up: 10: 1927, 1936, 1945, 1949, 1961, 1985, 1987, 1994, 1998, 2000 down: 9: 1928, 1937, 1948, 1960, 1981, 1986, 1992, 1996, 1999 Hammarby IF [19 moves] up: 9: Foun, 1939, 1954, 1958, 1964, 1966, 1969, 1989, 1993, 1997 down: 10: 1925, 1940, 1957, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1988, 1990, 1995, 2009 GAIS [16 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1941, 1956, 1963, 1965, 1971, 1987, 1999, 2005 down: 8: 1938, 1955, 1959, 1964, 1970, 1975, 1992, 2000 Halmstads BK [15 moves] up: 8: 1933, 1942, 1947, 1954, 1971, 1973, 1988, 1992 down: 7: 1936, 1946, 1948, 1959, 1972, 1987, 1991 Örgryte IS [15 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1958, 1969, 1974, 1980, 1992, 1994, 2008 down: 8: 1940, 1968, 1973, 1976, 1990, 1993, 2006, 2009 Kalmar FF [13 moves] up: 7: 1949, 1953, 1975, 1983, 1998, 2001, 2003 down: 6: 1951, 1955, 1982, 1986, 1999, 2002 Landskrona BoIS [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1934, 1944, 1948, 1970, 1993, 2001 down: 7: 1934, 1942, 1945, 1949, 1980, 1994, 2005 GIF Sundsvall [12 moves] up: 6: 1964, 1974, 1986, 1990, 1999, 2007 down: 6: 1965, 1975, 1989, 1991, 2005, 2008 BK Häcken [11 moves] up: 6: 1982, 1992, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2008 down: 5: 1983, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2006 Örebro SK [11 moves] up: 6: 1946, 1948, 1950, 1960, 1988, 2006 down: 5: 1947, 1949, 1953, 1978, 2004 IK Brage [10 moves] up: 5: 1937, 1943, 1965, 1979, 1992 down: 5: 1941, 1944, 1966, 1990, 1993
Since 1933. FC Luzern [17 moves] up: 9: 1936, 1953, 1958, 1967, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1993, 2006 down: 8: 1944, 1955, 1966, 1969, 1972, 1975, 1992, 2003 AC Bellinzona [13 moves] up: 7: 1944, 1964, 1967, 1976, 1980, 1986, 2008 down: 6: 1960, 1965, 1971, 1977, 1984, 1990 FC La Chaux-de-Fonds [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1938, 1943, 1947, 1975, 1979, 1983 down: 7: 1937, 1942, 1946, 1974, 1976, 1980, 1987 FC Lugano [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1954, 1961, 1964, 1979, 1988, 1998 down: 7: 1953, 1960, 1963, 1976, 1980, 1997, 2002 NB: 2002 relegation due to refusal of professional license FC Sankt Gallen [13 moves] up: 7: 1935, 1939, 1949, 1968, 1971, 1994, 2009 down: 6: 1937, 1945, 1950, 1970, 1993, 2008 AC Chiasso [12 moves] up: 6: 1948, 1962, 1972, 1978, 1983, 1992 down: 6: 1961, 1965, 1974, 1982, 1984, 1993 FC Winterthur [12 moves] up: 6: 1956, 1959, 1966, 1968, 1982, 1984 down: 6: 1958, 1961, 1967, 1977, 1983, 1985 FC Grenchen [10 moves] up: 5: 1937, 1952, 1957, 1971, 1985 down: 5: 1951, 1956, 1968, 1973, 1986
Since 1960.
Samsunspor [12 moves]
up: 6: 1969, 1976, 1982, 1985, 1991, 1993
down: 6: 1975, 1979, 1983, 1990, 1992, 2006
Karsiyaka (Izmir) [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1966, 1970, 1987, 1992, 1995
down: 6: 1964, 1967, 1972, 1991, 1994, 1996
Kayserispor [11 moves]
up: 6: 1973, 1979, 1985, 1992, 1997, 2004
down: 5: 1975, 1980, 1986, 1996, 1998
NB: Kayserispor were actually not promoted in 2004, having finished only sixth
in the second division; instead local rivals Erciyesspor went up as second
level runners-up, but they swapped places; the secondary club were promoted
one season later under the name Kayseri Erciyesspor but went down again in
2007.
Adana Demirspor [10 moves]
up: 5: 1960, 1973, 1987, 1991, 1994
down: 5: 1961, 1984, 1990, 1992, 1995
Sakaryaspor (Adapazari) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1981, 1987, 1998, 2003, 2006
down: 5: 1986, 1990, 1999, 2004, 2007
Antalyaspor [9 moves]
up: 5: 1982, 1986, 1994, 2006, 2008
down: 4: 1985, 1987, 2002, 2007
Diyarbakirspor [9 moves]
up: 5: 1977, 1981, 1986, 2001, 2009
down: 4: 1980, 1982, 1987, 2006
Göztepe SK (Izmir) [9 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1978, 1981, 1999, 2001
down: 5: 1977, 1980, 1982, 2000, 2003
Adanaspor [8 moves]
up: 4: 1971, 1988, 1998, 2002
down: 4: 1984, 1991, 2001, 2004
Mersin Idmanyurdu SK [8 moves]
up: 4: 1967, 1976, 1980, 1982
down: 4: 1974, 1978, 1981, 1983
Rizespor [8 moves]
up: 4: 1979, 1985, 2000, 2003
down: 4: 1981, 1989, 2002, 2008
Since 1900.
Fénix [17 moves]
up: 9: 1922, 1956, 1959, 1973, 1977, 1985, 2000, 2007, 2009
down: 8: 1924, 1958, 1967, 1976, 1981, 1986, 2005, 2008
Racing [17 moves]
up: 9: 1923, 1930, 1956, 1958, 1974, 1989, 1996, 1999, 2008
down: 8: 1928, 1944, 1957, 1971, 1975, 1993, 1997, 2002
Sud América [16 moves]
up: 8: 1926, 1930, 1951, 1954, 1957, 1963, 1975, 1994
down: 8: 1928, 1945, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1972, 1985, 1996
Central Español (Central) [15 moves]
up: 8: 1908, 1928, 1961, 1970, 1983, 1993, 2000, 2005
down: 7: 1927, 1953, 1962, 1973, 1992, 1996, 2004
NB: Central left the league in 1922, together with Peñarol, because of a conflict
on amateurism.
Since 1927. From 1991/92 on split into 5 different states. Vardar Skopje [15 moves] up: 8: 1946, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1963, 1971, 1979, 1991 down: 7: 1948, 1955, 1959, 1962, 1970, 1976, 1990 Vardar left the Yugoslav league after the 1992 season. NK Zagreb [13 moves] up: 7: 1950, 1954, 1964, 1973, 1976, 1980, 1991 down: 6: 1953, 1958, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1982 Zagreb left the Yugoslav league after the 1991 season.
With thanks to Dale Arnett, Yaniv Bleicher, Diego Cervini, Mike Dryomin, Gualtier Maldè, Pawel Mogielnicki, Heikki Pietarinen, Ricardo Pontes and Andreas Werner for additions and corrections.
Prepared and maintained by Karel Stokkermans for the Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation
Author: Karel Stokkermans
Last updated: 6 Nov 2009
(C) Copyright Karel Stokkermans and RSSSF 1996/2009
You are free to copy this document in whole or part provided that proper
acknowledgement is given to the author. All rights reserved.